Rust variables: Difference between revisions
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</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
</blockquote><!-- Mutability --> | </blockquote><!-- Mutability --> | ||
= Shadowing/Type Conversion = | |||
<blockquote> | |||
<syntaxhighlight lang="rust"> | |||
let num = "32"; | |||
let num: i8 = num.parse().unwrap(); // converts 'str' to 'i8' | |||
</syntaxhighlight> | |||
</blockquote><!-- Shadowing/Type Conversion --> | |||
= Introspection = | = Introspection = |
Revision as of 23:44, 6 February 2023
Declaration
You may declare variables in rust, but it is not necessary.
let foo: u8;
Assignment
let age: u8 = 200; // typed let age = 200u8; // type-suffix let age = 200; // implied type
Literals
Literal types can be declared without assigning a type.
let float = 3.14; // f64 let integer = 7; // i32
Constants
Constants can be declared in any scope (including global).
constants cannot be changed once assigned.const SALT: &str = "$6$r1ohStL5/UwpNnls"; static RETRIES: i8 = 5;
Scope
Variable scope is bound to the block they are defined in
{ ... }
.
Blocks may be defined arbitrarily to create inner scopes.
Variables defined in outer scopes are accessible in inner scopes.fn foo() { let foo = 1; { println!("{}", foo); } }
Access Control
Everything is private in rust by default, unless explicitly declared otherwise.
Elements are declared public with thepub
modifier.fn foo() { ... } // private function pub fn foo() { ... } // public function
Mutability and Freezing
All variables are immutable by default in rust.
You can make them mutable with themut
modifier.let mut age: i8 = 30; age += 1;You can bind mutable variables as immutable within inner scopes.
This will prevent them from being modified within that scope.
This is known as freezing a variable.let mut age: i8 = 30; { let age = age; // immutable until block scope ends }
Shadowing/Type Conversion
let num = "32"; let num: i8 = num.parse().unwrap(); // converts 'str' to 'i8'
Introspection
Easiest way is to call a method on it that doesn't exist.
the stacktrace will have the type.let foo = 123; foo.cuss(); // <-- invalid method