Python operators

Equality Greater/Less Than

==  /  !=      # equal/not-equal
is  /  is not  # same /not-same instance
>=  /  <=      # greater/less than

bitwise operators

x | y      # bitwise or
x ^ y      # bitwise exclusive and
x & y      # bitwise and
x << n     # bitwise shift by n bits
x >> n     # bitwise shift by n bits
~x         # invert bits

expressing binary in python

int('101', 2)  # 4 in binary
0b101          # 4 in binary
bin(4)         # 0b101 converts to binary

bitwise operators manipulate binary digits.

0b100 | 0b010 | 0b001 == 0b111 # bitwise OR sets binary digit
0b111 ^ 0b100 ^ 0b001 == 0b010 # bitwise EXCLUSIVE AND unsets binary digit
0b111 & 0b100         == 0b100 # bitwise AND keeps '1' digits where '1' in both numbers.