Pacman packages

Archlinux packages are described in PKGBUILD files, and built using makepkg.
They are expressed in bash shellscript.

Documentation

man PKGBUILD	https://man.archlinux.org/man/PKGBUILD.5
PKGBUILD docs	https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/PKGBUILD

Usage

cd ${DIR_W_PKGBUILD}
makepkg

PKGBUILD Syntax

Example

See man PKGBUILD.

Package Info

pkgname=blah
pkgver=1.1.1     # '[0-9a-Z.@_+-]+', versions must increase alphanumerically
pkgrel=2         # increment for each build-version of the same package-version.
arch=('x86_64')  # supported cpu architectures. ('any') supports any arch
license=('MIT')  # (optional) licences (see /usr/share/licences/common/)

Requirements, Metapackages, Conflicts

# package version requests
depends=('foobar>=1.8.0' 'foobar<2.0.0')       # required to build/run
makedepends=('foobar>=1.8.0' 'foobar<2.0.0')   # required to build
checkdepends=('foobar>=1.8.0' 'foobar<2.0.0')  # required to run tests
optdepends=('foo: does foo' 'bar: does bar')   # if installed, program uses these

groups=('metapackage-name') # included in metapackage X
provides=('blah=1.1.1')     # provided by this pkg. (may overlap)
conflicts=('bleh')           # cannot be installed alongside this pkg
replaces=('bloo')           # this package should replace these older/deprecated pkgs

Files

# download,verify,extract these (local, HTTP, FTP)
source=('https://foo.com/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz'
        'https://foo.com/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz.sig'  # (sig, sign, asc) PGP signature to verify verify file
        'customname.tar::https://foo.com/file.tar.gz'   # change filename
        'foo.txt')                                     # local file (abort if not present)

# checksums (corresponds to matching index in array)
#     md5sums, sha1sums, sha256sums, sha224sums,
#     sha384sums, sha512sums, b2sums
md5sums=('e9ae5393426d3ad783a300a338c09b72'  # 1st sources item
         'SKIP')                             # 2nd sources item etc

backup=('etc/pacman.conf')  # create .pacnew files when ovewritten (relpaths)

Build

# override makepkg.conf configured behaviour 
# using variables defined in this file (ex: CXXFLAGS=)
# (see 'man makepkg.conf')
options=(!docs debug makeflags)

# build functions
#   - all PKGBUILD variables in scope
#   - also:
#       srcdir
#       pkgdir
#       startdir
prepare() { ... }  # apply patches
build() { ... }    # configure/compile the package
check() { ... }    # run tests
package() { ... }  # install files