Fog
Archlinux on a macbook. Named after Dean Fog.
TODO:
these install instructions don't belong here.
I need a section for archlinux variant installs like archlinux-arm, and this alt-kernel
t2linux install docs | https://wiki.t2linux.org/distributions/arch/installation/ |
t2linux wifi docs | https://wiki.t2linux.org/guides/wifi/ |
t2linux pacman repo | https://github.com/Redecorating/archlinux-t2-packages |
arch install | https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Installation_guide#Set_the_console_keyboard_layout |
systemd boot | https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd-boot |
Safety Net
Using the dedicated GPU 100% of the time produces lots of heat, and wasted battery life when you don't need it.
Defaulting to the dedicated graphics has been known to prevent MacOS from being able to boot.
Since Partition settings are locked into MacOS (and I'm uncertain whether I could boot from a USB),
it would be prudent to enable ssh in your MacOS install).# MacOS (apple) > System Preferences: - Security & Privacy: - Privacy Tab: - Full Disk Access: - +: Applications/Utilities/Terminal# MacOS sudo systemsetup -setremotelogin on # you probably also want to harden your /etc/ssh/sshd_config...
Install Media
Download install media
raw (out of date) https://dl.t2linux.org/archlinux/iso/index.html w/ wifi drivers https://github.com/t2linux/archiso-t2/releases diskutil list diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk2 dd if=path/to/archlinux-version-x86_64.iso of=/dev/rdisk2 bs=1m
Partition Setup
You can't change the partition scheme from outside of macos unfortunately.
- macbook, start bootcamp (preinstalled) - drag slider for size (deletes apfs snapshots?) - disk utility - create a partition (any format) for your linux install - restart, holding cmd+r - Utilities > Startup Security Utility: - [x] No Security - [x] Allow booting from external media - restart, holding opt - you don't need to connect to wifi in bootloader - boot from EFI
Base Install
NOTE:
Use the wifi-enabled ISO, spoke with devs and wired kernel is outdated
(archiso) wlan setup
iwctl device list station wlan0 scan station wlan0 get-networks station wlan0 connect ${SSID} ping archlinux.org(archiso) format && baseinstall
timedatectl set-ntp true pacman -Sy # pacman-key --refresh-keys fdisk -l # find disk/partition mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p3 # format partition as ext4 mount /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt # your install mkdir -p /mnt/boot mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot # reuse macbook's EFI paritition # if necesary, copy/modify /etc/pacman.conf to /mnt/pacman.conf # and use: `pacstrap -C /mnt/pacman.conf` pacstrap /mnt \ base base-devel `# base packages/build-tools` \ linux-t2 linux-t2-headers linux-t2-docs `# t2-kernel` \ efivar efibootmgr dosfstools `# tools to manage efi` \ linux-firmware dkms \ apple-bcm-wifi-firmware \ iwd networkmanager netstat-nat net-tools \ neovim git openssh man-db genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab arch-chroot /mnt(chroot) Add t2linux repo
cat << EOF >> /etc/pacman.conf [mbp] Server = https://dl.t2linux.org/archlinux/$repo/$arch EOF # you'll also likely want to enable 'multilib' repo pacman -Syy(chroot) Base Settings
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Toronto /etc/localtime hwclock --systohc echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen locale-gen echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf echo "fog" > /etc/hostname mkinitcpio -P passwd(chroot) Bootloader
cat << EOF > /boot/loader/loader.conf default archlinux timeout 1 EOF # find PARTUUID of 'archlinux' install partition # (not EFI partition, not UUID) blkid cat << EOF > /boot/loader/entries/archlinux.conf title Arch Linux linux vmlinuz-linux-t2 initrd initramfs-linux-t2.img # no quotes around PARTUUID options intel_iommu=on iommu=pt pcie_ports=compat root=PARTUUID=${PARTUUID} rw EOF # if you cannot write /boot, use --no-variables bootctl install systemctl mask systemd-boot-system-token # remount efivars as read-only (or kernel panic) # USE EITHER: (1 works for me) # echo efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars efivarfs ro,remount,nofail 0 0 >> /etc/fstab # OR # add 'efi=noruntime' to options in '/boot/loader/entries/archlinux.conf'Reboot
- exit && reboot - hold 'option' while booting to choose boot - after selection, wait for timeout (choosing with enter seems to fail)Debugging Boot Issues
# from archiso, specify the journal of your chroot journalctl --directory=/var/log/journal
Post Install
Wifi Drivers
Boot into macos
curl -#O https://wiki.t2linux.org/tools/wifi.sh chmod +x wifi.sh ./wifi.shBoot into linux
sudo umount /dev/nvme0n1p1 sudo mkdir /tmp/apple-wifi-efi sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /tmp/apple-wifi-efi bash /tmp/apple-wifi-efi/wifi.sh sudo rebootNow verify output of wifi driver is error-free.
sudo journalctl -k --grep=brcmfmac # check for errors ip link # check for wlan0Now you can test a connection
systemctl start iwd iwctl > station wlan0 scan > station wlan0 get-networks > station wlan0 connect ${SSID}Finally, use NetworkManager (for wireguard, routing) with iwd as backend
cat << EOF > /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf [device] wifi.backend=iwd EOF sudo systemctl enable --now iwd sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager route # confirm routing table present ping archlinux.org # testCPU fan
Install and configure mbpfan,
monitor effectiveness with lm_sensors.GPU
Dedicated GPU Drivers
Install GPU drivers (OSS reputably better here)
lscpi -nn | grep VGA # find gpu pacman -S xf86-video-ati # oss # or pacman -S xf86-video-amdgpu # proprietaryHybrid Graphics
NOTE:
If gpu-switch prevents you from booting linux,
Reset your nvram by holding: cmd+opt+p+r on bootNOTE:
This is a huge boost for thermals, down from ~60*C idle to ~47*C
First, install the intel GPU driver driver.
pacman -S xf86-video-intelNext, install patched bootloader
# there is an AUR package, but it is very out of date sudo pacman -S gnu-efi git clone https://github.com/aa15032261/apple_set_os-loader cd apple_set_os-loader make sudo cp /boot/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI /boot/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI.orig sudo cp ./bootx64.efi /boot/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFIreboot and disable MacOS's System Integrity Protection
- reboot, holding cmd+r - Utilities > Terminal - execute: csrutil disable # disable system integrity protectionReboot into MacOS now, and
bless
the bootloader# first mount your efi partition sudo mkdir /Volumes/esp sudo mount -t msdos /dev/disk0s1 /Volumes/esp # then bless the new boot loader sudo bless --mount /Volumes/esp --setBoot --file /Volumes/esp/EFI/BOOT/bootx64.efiReboot, and verify that it worked
lspci -s 00:02.0 # should list intel cardList currently active GPU
pacman -S mesa-utils glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer"Install latest gpu-switch
# there is an AUR package, but it is very out of date # # this is a friendly little shellscript, can change if needed. curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/0xbb/gpu-switch/master/gpu-switch > gpu-switch chmod +x gpu-switch sudo chown root:root gpu-switch sudo mv gpu-switch /usr/bin/Since efivars is mounted as read-only, you'll need to boot from arch-iso and run the following
sudo gpu-switch -i # next boot uses integrated graphics sudo gpu-switch -d # next boot uses dedicated graphicsReboot, and confirm intel is being used for GPU.
glxinfo | grep "OpenGL renderer" # you should see something like: # OpenGL renderer string: Mesa Intel(R) UHD Graphics 630 (CFL GT2)Hybrid Graphics and Display Brightness
The brightness will be set on boot by
apple_set_os-loader
, you won't be able to control it.
You can dim it usingxorg --display e-DP1 --brightness 0.5
.Hybrid Graphics and Suspend/Resume
After resuming from suspend, your laptop will reconnect to the dedicated-GPU.
The brightness will be broken, and your EFIVARS will be reset to boot to the dedicated-GPU rather than the integrated-GPU.
To fix, you'll need to reboot into archiso, and re-rungpu-switch -i
.To avoid overheating issues, you should disable suspend/hibernation.
# /etc/systemd/sleep.conf [Sleep] AllowSuspend=no AllowHibernation=no AllowSuspendThenHibernate=no AllowHybridSleep=noDisplay Scaling
; ~/.Xresources ; multiples of 96 ; 96 == 100% ; 192 == 200% Xft.dpi: 144# ~/.xinitrc xrdb -merge ~/.XresourcesHeat/Power Optimization
TODO:
I should really write a monitor that combines:
- cpu frequence and temperature
- gpu in use, frequency, temperature
Even with igpu, 800MHz cpu, TLP, thermald, I still occasionally hit 60*C with non-intensive work. what's going on?
Configuration
Install and Enable
# /boot/loader/entries/archlinux.conf # disable intel_pstate so userspace power management available. options intel_pstate=disable # ...# /etc/default/cpupower # enable conservative governor, the most resistant to ramp up cpu cycles # some others: ondemand, userspace governor='conservative'# find warnings with tlp (ex: warning: systemd-rfkill.service is not masked, to correct this...) sudo tlp-stat -s # correct warnings sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.service sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.socketMonitoring
monitoring some usage stats
sudo i7z # cpu freq per core sudo tlp-stats -p # power optimizations sudo tlp-stats -t # temp/fan-speeds watch eval 'sensors | head -n 10' # cpu temps watch eval 'cpupower frequency-info | grep "current CPU"'Trackpad
pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics reboot # for driver to be used # test it out if you like synclient AccelFactor=0.05 # smaller movements travel furthermake permanent
# /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/70-synaptics.conf Section "InputClass" Identifier "touchpad" Driver "synaptics" MatchIsTouchpad "on" # moving mouse-pointer Option "AccelFactor" "0.01" Option "MinSpeed" "1.2" Option "MaxSpeed" "2.5" # scroll momentum speed Option "VertScrollDelta" "250" EndSectionKeyboard
TODO:
perhaps a better keymap so XF86MonBrightnessUp is fired? Seems to be a different event by default
/sys/class/backlight has no entry for the intel gpu display.# set keyboard backlight to max brightness (persists across reboots) echo 60 > /sys/class/leds/apple::kbd_backlight/brightnessTouchbar/Function Keys
curl -X0 https://wiki.t2linux.org/tools/touchbar.sh sudo bash touchbar.sh sudo touchbar # choose 2 to default to F1-F12Proper reloading on suspend/resume
curl -#O https://wiki.t2linux.org/tools/rmmod_tb.sh sudo chmod 755 rmmod_tb.sh sudo chown root:root rmmod_tb.sh sudo mv rmmod_tb.sh /lib/systemd/system-sleepDisable Boot Sound
# MacOs System Preferences: Sound: - [ ] Play Sound on StartupDefault Boot
Choosing default Disk
- boot macos - apple-menu > system preferences: - startup diskChoosing default EFI bootloader
# show installed bootloaders # # BootOrder: 0080,0000 # boot priority # Boot0080: Mac OS X # macos boot entry # Boot0000: Foo # foo boot entry efibootmgr efibootmgr -o 0000,0080 # change boot priorityAudio
See https://gist.github.com/kevineinarsson/8e5e92664f97508277fefef1b8015fba#file-daemon-conf-L2
pacman -S pulseaudio pulseaudio-alsa
/usr/lib/udev/rules.d//91-pulseaudio-custom.rules
# /usr/lib/udev/rules.d//91-pulseaudio-custom.rules SUBSYSTEM!="sound", GOTO="pulseaudio_end" ACTION!="change", GOTO="pulseaudio_end" KERNEL!="card*", GOTO="pulseaudio_end" SUBSYSTEMS=="pci", ATTRS{vendor}=="0x106b", ATTRS{device}=="0x1803", ENV{PULSE_PROFILE_SET}="apple-t2.conf" LABEL="pulseaudio_end"
/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/apple-t2.conf
# /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/apple-t2.conf [General] auto-profiles = no [Mapping builtin-speaker] description = Built-in Speaker device-strings = front:%f paths-output = builtin-speaker-output channel-map = front-left,front-right,rear-left,rear-right,front-center,lfe priority = 100 direction = output [Mapping builtin-mic] description = Built-in Mic device-strings = front:%f paths-output = builtin-mic-input channel-map = left,center,right priority = 100 direction = input [Mapping codec-output] description = Headphone device-strings = front:%f,1 paths-output = codec-output channel-map = left,right priority = 100 direction = output [Mapping codec-input] description = Headphone Mic device-strings = front:%f,1 paths-output = codec-input channel-map = mono priority = 100 direction = input [Profile output:builtin-speaker+input:builtin-mic] description = Built-in Speaker + Built-in Mic output-mappings = builtin-speaker input-mappings = builtin-mic skip-probe = yes [Profile output:codec-output+input:builtin-mic] description = Headphones + Built-in Mic output-mappings = codec-output input-mappings = builtin-mic [Profile output:codec-output+input:codec-input] description = Headphones + External Mic output-mappings = codec-output input-mappings = codec-input [Profile output:builtin-speaker+input:codec-input] description = Built-in Speaker + External Mic output-mappings = builtin-speaker input-mappings = codec-input
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AppleT2.conf
# /usr/share/alsa/cards/AppleT2.conf <confdir:pcm/front.conf> AppleT2.pcm.default { @args [ CARD ] @args.CARD { type string } type asym playback.pcm { type plug ttable { 0.0= 1 1.3= 1 2.1= 1 3.4= 1 4.0= 1 5.5= 1 } slave { pcm { type hw card $CARD device 0 } channels 6 } } capture.pcm { type plug slave.pcm { type hw card $CARD device 1 } } hint.device_output 0 hint.device_input 1 } AppleT2.pcm.front.0 { @args [ CARD ] @args.CARD { type string } type asym playback.pcm { type plug ttable { 0.0= 1 1.3= 1 2.1= 1 3.4= 1 4.0= 1 5.5= 1 } slave { pcm { type hw card $CARD device 0 } channels 6 } } capture.pcm { type plug slave.pcm { type hw card $CARD device 1 } } hint.device_output 0 hint.device_input 1 } AppleT2.pcm.front.1 { @args [ CARD ] @args.CARD { type string } type asym playback.pcm { type hw card $CARD device 2 } capture.pcm { type hw card $CARD device 3 } hint.device_output 2 hint.device_input 3 } AppleT2.pcm.front.2 { @args [ CARD ] @args.CARD { type string } type hw card $CARD device 4 }
~/.config/pulse/daemon.conf
# ~/.config/pulse/daemon.conf # # This file is part of PulseAudio. # # PulseAudio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # PulseAudio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License # along with PulseAudio; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. ## Configuration file for the PulseAudio daemon. See pulse-daemon.conf(5) for ## more information. Default values are commented out. Use either ; or # for ## commenting. daemonize = no ; fail = yes ; allow-module-loading = yes ; allow-exit = yes ; use-pid-file = yes ; system-instance = no ; local-server-type = user ; enable-shm = yes ; enable-memfd = yes ; shm-size-bytes = 0 # setting this 0 will use the system-default, usually 64 MiB ; lock-memory = no ; cpu-limit = no ; high-priority = yes ; nice-level = -11 ; realtime-scheduling = yes ; realtime-priority = 5 ; exit-idle-time = 20 ; scache-idle-time = 20 ; dl-search-path = (depends on architecture) ; load-default-script-file = yes ; default-script-file = /etc/pulse/default.pa ; log-target = auto ; log-level = notice ; log-meta = no ; log-time = no ; log-backtrace = 0 ; resample-method = speex-float-1 ; avoid-resampling = false ; enable-remixing = yes ; remixing-use-all-sink-channels = yes enable-lfe-remixing = yes ; lfe-crossover-freq = 0 flat-volumes = no ; flat-volumes = yes ; rlimit-fsize = -1 ; rlimit-data = -1 ; rlimit-stack = -1 ; rlimit-core = -1 ; rlimit-as = -1 ; rlimit-rss = -1 ; rlimit-nproc = -1 ; rlimit-nofile = 256 ; rlimit-memlock = -1 ; rlimit-locks = -1 ; rlimit-sigpending = -1 ; rlimit-msgqueue = -1 ; rlimit-nice = 31 ; rlimit-rtprio = 9 ; rlimit-rttime = 200000 ; default-sample-format = s16le ; default-sample-rate = 44100 ; alternate-sample-rate = 48000 ; default-sample-channels = 2 ; default-channel-map = front-left,front-right default-sample-channels = 6 ; default-fragments = 4 ; default-fragment-size-msec = 25 ; enable-deferred-volume = yes ; deferred-volume-safety-margin-usec = 8000 ; deferred-volume-extra-delay-usec = 0
~/.config/pulse/default.pa
# ~/.config/pulse/default.pa # #!/usr/bin/pulseaudio -nF # # This file is part of PulseAudio. # # PulseAudio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # PulseAudio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License # along with PulseAudio; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. # This startup script is used only if PulseAudio is started per-user # (i.e. not in system mode) .fail ### Automatically restore the volume of streams and devices load-module module-device-restore load-module module-stream-restore load-module module-card-restore ### Automatically augment property information from .desktop files ### stored in /usr/share/application load-module module-augment-properties ### Should be after module-*-restore but before module-*-detect load-module module-switch-on-port-available ### Load audio drivers statically ### (it's probably better to not load these drivers manually, but instead ### use module-udev-detect -- see below -- for doing this automatically) #load-module module-alsa-sink #load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:1,0 #load-module module-oss device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input #load-module module-oss-mmap device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input #load-module module-null-sink #load-module module-pipe-sink ### Automatically load driver modules depending on the hardware available .ifexists module-udev-detect.so load-module module-udev-detect .else ### Use the static hardware detection module (for systems that lack udev support) load-module module-detect .endif ### Automatically connect sink and source if JACK server is present .ifexists module-jackdbus-detect.so .nofail load-module module-jackdbus-detect channels=2 .fail .endif ### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware .ifexists module-bluetooth-policy.so load-module module-bluetooth-policy .endif .ifexists module-bluetooth-discover.so load-module module-bluetooth-discover .endif ### Load several protocols load-module module-dbus-protocol .ifexists module-esound-protocol-unix.so load-module module-esound-protocol-unix .endif load-module module-native-protocol-unix ### Network access (may be configured with paprefs, so leave this commented ### here if you plan to use paprefs) #load-module module-esound-protocol-tcp #load-module module-native-protocol-tcp #load-module module-zeroconf-publish ### Load the RTP receiver module (also configured via paprefs, see above) #load-module module-rtp-recv ### Load the RTP sender module (also configured via paprefs, see above) #load-module module-null-sink sink_name=rtp format=s16be channels=2 rate=44100 sink_properties="device.description='RTP Multicast Sink'" #load-module module-rtp-send source=rtp.monitor ### Load additional modules from GSettings. This can be configured with the paprefs tool. ### Please keep in mind that the modules configured by paprefs might conflict with manually ### loaded modules. .ifexists module-gsettings.so .nofail load-module module-gsettings .fail .endif ### Automatically restore the default sink/source when changed by the user ### during runtime ### NOTE: This should be loaded as early as possible so that subsequent modules ### that look up the default sink/source get the right value load-module module-default-device-restore ### Automatically move streams to the default sink if the sink they are ### connected to dies, similar for sources load-module module-rescue-streams ### Make sure we always have a sink around, even if it is a null sink. load-module module-always-sink ### Honour intended role device property load-module module-intended-roles ### Automatically suspend sinks/sources that become idle for too long load-module module-suspend-on-idle ### If autoexit on idle is enabled we want to make sure we only quit ### when no local session needs us anymore. .ifexists module-console-kit.so load-module module-console-kit .endif .ifexists module-systemd-login.so load-module module-systemd-login .endif ### Enable positioned event sounds load-module module-position-event-sounds ### Cork music/video streams when a phone stream is active load-module module-role-cork ### Modules to allow autoloading of filters (such as echo cancellation) ### on demand. module-filter-heuristics tries to determine what filters ### make sense, and module-filter-apply does the heavy-lifting of ### loading modules and rerouting streams. load-module module-filter-heuristics load-module module-filter-apply ### Make some devices default #set-default-sink output #set-default-source input load-module module-combine-sink channels=6 channel_map=front-left,front-right,rear-left,rear-right,front-center,lfe